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The total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents are also determined. The results in the present analyze shows that the aqueous get of TBB possess antioxidant activity through the DPPH cost-free radical scavenging activity. The preliminary phytochemical investigation implies the presence of bio-flavonoids and polyphenols.
The the desired info is found to become significant as compared to the standard ascorbic acid. Further studies have to determine the mechanism and isolation of active constituents involved in the antioxidant activity. Key words: Terminalia belerica, DPPH, Flavonoid, Phenolic contents.
INTRODUCTION Free radicals have been implicated in many human conditions e. g. atherosclerosis, arthritis, ischemia and reperfusion personal injury of many cells, central nervous system injury, gastritis, ageing, inflammatory response syndrome, respiratory system diseases, liver organ diseases, tumor and AIDS1-4. Many herbal plants include antioxidant compounds and these kinds of compounds safeguard cells against the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen, superoxide, peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite5, 6. In addition, these synthetic antioxidants as well show low solubility and moderate antioxidant activity7. Therefore , many analysts are in search for antioxidants of normal origin. Terminalia belerica is known as a large perishable tree with characteristic start barking traditionally ________________________________________ * Author for correspondence, E-mail: [email, protected]
com Singhai et ‘s.: Nitric O2 Radical Scavenging¦. called because Baheda or perhaps Bibitaki. It is grown throughout India. Its principal constituents are gallic acid, ellagic acid,? -sitosterol and chebulagic acid8. It truly is astringent, tonic, expectorant and laxative. Their pulp can be used in fatigue, piles and diaorrhea.
It is also within leprosy, fever and hair care. It is also found in oxalic acidity and planning of printer ink. It is utilized in case of rheumatism. Seeds oil is definitely applied in skin disorders and premature graying of hair9, twelve. In the present investigation, we have attemptedto investigate the antioxidant potential of the barks of Terminalia belerica. TRIAL AND ERROR Material and methods Flower material and extraction The barks of Terminalia belerica were accumulated from Bhopal, cut into small parts and dried out in tone for five days. The dried barks were after that grinded.
Such material was macerated in normal water for 72 hours with occasional banging in dark. Macerate was decanted and filtered. The marc was pressed and filtration was done 2-3 times. The macerates had been concentrated to offer aqueous draw out (22. 13% w/w). Chemicals Various chemical substances used had been DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) (Sigma Chemicals, USA) and light weight aluminum chloride. Ascorbic acid from Sisco Study Laboratories Pvt.
Limited., India. Folin-Ciocalteus’s phenol reagent and salt carbonate were from Merck Chemical Products (Damstadt, Germany). All chemical substances and solvents were of analytical grade. Preliminary phytochemical investigation The preliminary phytochemical screening with the extract was carried out to know the different constituents present in aqueous fractions of Terminalia belerica as per the common procedures. The extract had been tested pertaining to alkaloids11, 12, sterols13, triterpenes14, saponins15, flavonoids16, tannins12, 17, carbohydrates12, sennosides and amino acids12. Shinoda test and slender layer chromatography was as well carried out to verify the presence of flavonoids16.
Nitric oxide scavenging method Sodium nitroprusside (final concentration a few mM) in phosphate buffer saline was incubated with 0. cubic centimeters of different concentrations of medicine at 25oC for 5 hours. Control experiment was done without test compounds, but with equivalent numbers of buffer in an identical fashion. After five hours of incubation, Griess reagent (1% sulphanilamide, 2% H3PO4 and 0. 1% napthyl ethylene diamine dihydrochloride) was included in 0. five mL from the incubated answer and absorbance was quickly measured by 546 nm using the JASCO V530 UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Percentage inhibition of nitric o2 free radical was computed by using the following equation: % Inhibition= 1- (Abs.
of sample/ Abs. f blank) x 95 , (1) The fresh results were portrayed as suggest standard error of mean (SEM) of three replicates18 (Table 1). Desk 1: Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging process of aqueous extract of terminalia belerica sound off (tbb) H. No .
1 . installment payments on your 3. 4. 5. Conc. (g/mL) 90 200 three hundred 400 500 % Scavenging Ascorbic acid solution 48.
82 53. 64 49. 98 82. 28 92. 23 Aq. TBB twenty nine. 52 0.
079 23. 17 0. 112 38. eighty six zero. 115 54.99. 65 0. 021 65.
10 0. 047 (n = 3, X SEM) Determination of total phenolics Total phenolic contents (C) in the components were dependant on the altered FolinCiocalteu method18, 19. A great aliquot from the extract was mixed with your five mL Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (previously diluted with water you: 10 v/v) and four mL (75 g/L) of sodium carbonate. The pipes were vortexed for 15 sec and allowed to are a symbol of 30 min at 40C for color development. Absorbance was then measured at 765 nm using the JASCO V530 UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Samples of extract had been evaluated at different concentrations. Total phenolic contents was expressed as mg/g gallic acid equal.
The experimental outcome was expressed as mean standard mistake of mean (SEM) of three recreates (Table 2). C = c. Versus /m , (2) Akhlesh Singhai ou al. Nitric Oxide Radical Scavenging¦.
Wherever C sama dengan Total phenolic content (mg/g) plant extract, c = Conc. of gallic acid established through calibration shape, V = Volume of remove, m = Wt. of plant extract (g) Desk 2: Total phenolic and total flavanoid contents in terminalia belerica bark (tbb) S. Number 1 . installment payments on your a Sample Total phenolic content a Total flavanoid contentb Aqueous TBB (Aq.
TBB) 0. 1226 zero. 77 installment payments on your 244 0. 02 (n sama dengan 3, Times SEM) Expressed since mg gallic acid/g of dry herb material w Expressed as mg quercetin/g of dry out plant material Determination of total flavonoids Total flavonoid contents (TFC) were established using the method of Ordon ainsi que al. 20), of sample solution. A volume of 1 )
your five mL of 2% AlCl3 ethanol answer was included with 1 . five mL of sample answer. After one hour at area temperature, the absorbance was measured in 420 nm. A yellow-colored color indicated the presence of bio-flavonoids. Total flavonoid content was expressed because mg/g quercetin equivalent. The experimental outcome was expressed because mean standard error of indicate (SEM) of three recreates (Table 2). TFC sama dengan (Abs.
x Dilution factor times 100)/ E1% x Wt. of draw out (g) , (3) BENEFITS AND CONVERSATION Preliminary photochemical investigations of Terminalia belerica bark demonstrated the presence of carbs, tannins and flavonoids. Shinoda test and skinny layer chromatography for bio-flavonoids using portable phase n-butanol: water: despegado acetic acid (40: 50: 10) and make use of spraying reagent ferric chloride solution affirmed its existence. Nitric oxide exhibits several physiological houses and it is as well implicated in several pathological declares.
The interaction of nitric oxide with other radicals leads to the organization of more hazardous significant such as peroxy nitrile corpuscule and hydroxyl radical. The absorption maximum of a stable ZERO radical in methanol i visited 546 nm. The IC50 values were found to become 363 g/mL and 144 g/mL intended for aqueous Terminalia belerica (Aq. TBB) and ascorbic acid solution, respectively. The extract acquired shown the activity in dose dependent fashion (Fig. 2). Nitric o2 (NO) scavenging activity of aqueous extract of terminalia belerica bark (TBB) % Radical Scavenging Ability 100 85 60 forty 20 zero 0 75 200 300 400 five-hundred 600 Ascorbic acid Aq.
TBB Conc. ( g/mL) Fig. 1: A substantial decrease in the concentration of NO radical due to the scavenging ability of both Terminalia belerica and ascorbic chemical p Total phenolic and total flavanoid content Aq. TBB 2 . a few Conc. (mg/g) 2 1 ) 5 1 0.
5 zero Total phenolic content Total flavanoid content Fig.: Total phenolic and flavanoid articles of Terminalia belerica start barking Polyphenols will be the major plant compounds with antioxidant activity. This activity is believed to be mainly due to their redox properties21, which perform an important role in adsorbing and normalizing free radicals, quenching singlet and triplet oxygen, or decomposing peroxides. The comes from this study strongly claim that phenolics will be Singhai ainsi que al.: Nitric Oxide Significant Scavenging¦. essential components of these kinds of plants, and a few of their pharmacological effects could possibly be attributed to the presence of these valuable constituents. The overall phenolic content material in mg/g gallic acid solution equivalent (GAE) was identified to be zero.
1226 in aqueous extract of TBB. The total flavanoid content material in mg/g quercetin quivalent was located to be installment payments on your 244 in aqueous get of TBB (Fig. 2). CONCLUSION The results of the present examine shows that the aqueous get of the barks of Terminalia belerica have got antioxidant activity (based around the DPPH free radical scavenging activity). The preliminary phytochemical investigation indicates the presence of bio-flavonoids in Terminalia belerica bark. Polyphenols like flavonoids and tannins will be the well known normal antioxidants.
So , the antioxidant potential of Terminalia belerica can be due to the existence of flavonoids and phenolic contents. Even though in most cases, the biological actions of the extracts from the barks of Terminalia belerica aren’t as high as those of the standard chemical substances used in this kind of study, the modern day results suggest clearly the fact that aqueous get of Terminalia belerica bark possess antioxidant properties and could serve as totally free radical blockers or scavengers, acting perhaps as main antioxidants.
