heroin like all medicines knows term paper
Excerpt from Term Paper:
Although there is a diverse range of treatment options for heroin addiction, which includes medications and behavioral therapies, research shows that when medicine treatment is integrated to supportive solutions, the addict is more often able to restore and return to a stable and productive lifestyle (NIDA). In 1997, a panel of national professionals concluded that opiate drug habits are diseases of the head and medical disorders that could be treated efficiently, and recommended broader usage of methadone maintenance treatment courses, including the elimination of Federal and express regulation obstacles impeding this access (NIDA). The panel also highlighted the importance of providing substance abuse counseling, psychosocial therapies, and also other supportive solutions to enhance retention and successful outcomes (NIDA).
Methadone blocks the effects of heroin for approximately 24 hours and includes a proven effective when prescribed at a top dosage level. Other medications include naloxone, which is used to deal with overdoses, and naltrexone, both of which prevent the effects of morphine, heroin, and also other opiates (NIDA). Buprenorphine varies from methadone in that it is less habit forming and can be furnished in a physician’s office (NIDA).
Methadone repair together with prenatal care and a comprehensive drug treatment program can improve many of the detrimental mother’s and neonatal outcomes associated with heroin abuse during pregnancy (NIDA). Research indicates that buprenorphine is safe and effective in treating heroin misuse during pregnancy, even so infants subjected to methadone or buprenorphine while pregnant usually need treatment to get withdrawal symptoms (NIDA). Pregnant women who usually do not want to or are not able to receive pharmacotheraphy may detoxify with relative safety, yet the likelihood of relapse should be considered (NIDA).
There are numerous powerful behavioral treatment options available for heroin addiction, including residential and outpatient strategies. Contingency supervision therapy works on the voucher-based system, in which the individual earns items based on unfavorable drug assessments that can be changed for items that encourage healthful living (NIDA). Cognitive-behavioral affluence are designed to help the patient change his/her pondering, expectancies, and behaviors, and increase dealing skills for various lifestyle stressors (NIDA).
In the Nov 1998 concern of The Log of Psychology, Frank Patalano reported the results of your study executed to study cross-cultural similarities inside the personalities of heroin users in the United States and India. Studies indicated that Indian heroin users had been more neurotic, impulsive, interpersonal and extraverted than all their American counterparts, and that both equally male and feminine heroin users readily confessed personal issues (Patalano). In addition, there were differences regarding the standard of emotional problems, depression, and sensitivity (Patalano). According to the study, users showed less mental stability and were more readily upset. In addition they had significantly less ego durability, were even more insecure, even more frustrated, and had weakened superego strength (Patalano). These conclusions were just like the results of earlier research of hard core heroin addicts in the usa and later research of man and female multiple-substance abusers, who also used heroin as well as other illicit drugs (Patalano).
In the January 1997 issue of The Log of Psychology, B. T. Gupta reported the outcomes of a research in which forty five persons who had been addicted to heroin and 60 persons who never employed drugs had been studied to look for the personality attributes of individuals addicted to heroin. According to the results, the hooked respondents scored higher about five weighing scales: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Impulsivity, and Sociability, along with Trait, for the State-Trait Anxiousness Inventory (Gupta). Moreover, the addicted participants had lower scores in intelligence, mental stability, spirit and superego strength, regulation compliance and self-sentiment the use on the Sixteen Personality Aspect Questionnaire (Gupta). They were as well more delicate, overprotected, vulnerable to guilt, unconfident, troubled, tense and irritated (Gupta).
Common slang labels for heroin include smack, china white-colored, horse, and black tar. Roughly 60% of the planet’s opium is produced in the remote a part of Southeast Asia, as well as Afghanistan, Pakistan, Republic of colombia, and Mexico (From).
Just one dose of heroin, known as ‘bag, ‘ may include 100mg of powder, although only 1 to 10% is pure heroin, the remainder could possibly be sugars, starch, powdered milk, or quinine (Heroin). Relating to www.streetdrugs.com, heroin purity today runs from one particular to 98% with the countrywide average of 35% (Heroin). Injection is considered the most useful and efficient way to administer low-purity heroin, while users of higher chastity heroin today can snort or smoke the narcotic (Heroin). Exploration indicates that heroin snorting is popular and is elevating in all those areas of the where high-purity heroin is available (Heroin).
Functions Cited
Coming from Flowers to Heroin. The Central Brains Agency. Recovered July ’07, 2006 in http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/heroin/flowers_to_heroin.htm
Gupta, B. H. (1997, January 01). Personality characteristics of persons addicted to heroin. The Journal of Psychology. Retrieved July ’07, 2006 from HighBeam Analysis Library.
Heroin. Street Drugs. Retrieved July 07, 06\ at http://www.streetdrugs.org/heroin.htm
NIDA InfoFacts: Heroin. (2006 April). Countrywide Institute in Drug Abuse. Retrieved July ’07, 2006 in http://www.nida.nih.gov/Infofacts/heroin.html
Patalano, Frank. (1998, November 01). Cross-cultural commonalities in the character dimensions of heroin users. The Journal of Psychology. Retrieved This summer 07, 2006 from HighBeam Research Catalogue.
Scott, Ian. (1998, 06 01). A hundred-year habit. (centenary of Bayer’s chemical substance medicinal – heroin). Record Today. Retrieved July ’07, 2006 from HighBeam Research Library.
Sue, Scott. (1998, September 19). When Heroin was Legal. Weekend Sunday:
National Community Radio (NPR). Retrieved This summer 07, 06\ from HighBeam Research
